Ferdinand E. Marcos - Page 2 of 2
(Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos)
Edukasyon
| Elementarya at Mataas na Paaralan | Paaralang Sentral ng Sarrat Mababang Paaralan ng Shamrock sa Laoag Mababang Paaralan ng Ermita Mataas na Paaralan ng Pamantasan ng Pilipinas (1933) |
| Kolehiyo | Malayang Sining, Pamantasan ng Pilipinas (1936) Batsilyer ng Abogasya, Pamantasan ng Pilipinas |
Mga Natatanging Tala sa Kasaysayan
- Nakakuha ng pinakamataas na karangalan sa Military Science and Tactics sa buong Pamantasan.
- Komandante ng Batalyon, may ranggo na Kadete Mayor at Puno ng Koponan ng Ripple at Pistol ng Pamantasan ng Pilipinas.
- Nakamit niya ang President Manuel L. Quezon Medal Award dahil sa kanyang Graduation Thesis.
- Naakusahang nakipagsabwatan sa pagpatay kay Kinatawan Julio Nalundasan, kalaban sa pulitika ng ama noong 1938.
- Naging topnotcher sa bar examinations noong Nobyembre 1939.
- Ipinagtanggol ang sarili sa kasong pagpatay sa harap ng Korte Suprema sa nagpawalang-sala sa kanya noong Nobyembre 1940.
- Nang sumiklab ang Ikalawang Digmaang Pandaigdig ay nakasama siya sa Death March at nakaranas ng hirap at sakit bilang bilanggo ng giyera sa Fort Santiago at Capas, Tarlac.
- Naging tenyente rin siya sa nangasiwa sa pangangalaga ng impormasyon, ika-21 sangay ng USAFFE.
- Tatlong beses nahalal na Kongresista ng Ilocos Norte (1949, 1953 at 1957).
- Sa edad na 32, siya ang pinakabatang miyembro ng Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan at naging pinuno ng kapulungang minorya.
- Senador (1959), ang kauna-unahang kandidato ng minorya na nanguna sa pagka-senador; pinuno ng kapulungang minorya, pangulo ng senado (1963).
- Pangulo ng Republika ng Pilipinas (Disyembre 1965).
- Pinasikat niya ang islogang: "Magiging dakilang muli ang bansang ito."
- Muling nahalal para sa apat-na- taong Panahon (1969); ang kauna-unahang presidente na muling nahalal sa kapanguluhan sa kasaysayan ng Pilipinas.
- Nakapagpagawa ng maraming patubig at naipalaganap sa buong bansa ang tinatawag na Miracle Rice.
- Ang pinakamadugong demonstrasyon sa ilalim ng pamahalaan ni Pangulong Ferdinand E. Marcos ay naganap noong Enero 30, 1970 sa Mendiola Bridge.
- Sinuspinde niya ang Writ of Habeas Corpus noong Agosto 21, 1971 upang mapanatili ang kaayusan at kapayapaan matapos bombahin ang rally ng Liberal Party sa Plaza Miranda.
- Ipinatupad ang Batas Militar at sinuspinde ang 1935 Konstitusyon (Setyembre 21, 1972).
- Ipinroklama niya ang 1973 Konstitusyon na naglalayong palawigin ang kanyang pamamahala hanggang sa pagtatapos ng pag-iral ng Batas Militar.
- Sa panahon ng Batas Militar ay sumikat ang Bagong Lipunan.
- Kauna-unahang Punong Ministro sa balangkas ng pamahalaang uring Parliyamentaryo.
- Nilagdaan niya ang pagpapawalang bisa ng Batas Militar noong Enero 17, 1981 sa pamamagitan ng Proklamasyon 2045.
- Muling nahalal na pangulo sa anim-na-taong Panahon makaraang magwakas ang Batas Militar.
- Tumawag ng isang snap election sa Pagkapangulo noong Pebrero 7, 1986 at nanalo kay Corazon Aquino sa kabila ng malawakang dayaan at karahasan.
- Pinatalsik ng makasaysayang People’s Power noong Pebrero 25, 1986.
- Tumakas at napatapon sa Hawaii, Estados Unidos.
- Binawian siya ng buhay sa Hawaii noong Setyembre 28, 1989. Ibinalik sa Pilipinas ang kanyang mga labi noong 1992.
Education
| Elementary and Secondary | Paaralang Sentral ng Sarrat Mababang Paaralan ng Shamrock in Laoag Mababang Paaralan ng Ermita Mataas na Paaralan ng Pamantasan ng Pilipinas (1933) |
| College | Humanities, University of the Philippines (1936) Bachelor of Law, University of the Philippines |
Important Notes in History
- Received the highest honors in Military Science and Tactics at the University.
- Battalion Commandant, with a rank of Major Cadet and head of the Rifle and Pistol Team of the University of the Philippines.
- He received the President Manuel Quezon Medal Award because of his Graduation Thesis.
- Was accused of conspiring in the killing of Representative Julio Nalundasan, political opponent of his father in 1938.
- Was topnotcher in the bar examinations in November 1939.
- Defended himself before the Supreme Court in the murder case filed against him and was acquitted in November 1940.
- Was one of the war prisoners in the infamous Death March to Capas, Tarlac and at Fort Santiago during the Second World War.
- Headed the information security of the 21st branch of the USAFFE.
- Thrice elected as congressman of Ilocos Norte (1949, 1953 and 1957).
- At the age of 32, he was the youngest member of the House of Representatives and head of the minority group.
- Senator (1959), the first candidate of the minority to top the senatorial race; head of the minority group, president of the Senate (1963).
- President of the Republic of the Philippines (November 1965).
- Popularized the slogan, "This country will be great again."
- Was re-elected for a four-year term (1969); the first to be re-elected to the Presidency in the history of the Philippines.
- Ordered the making of several irrigation systems in the countryside and promoted the Miracle Rice nationwide.
- The bloodiest demonstration under the Marcos regime took place on January 30, 1970 at the Mendiola Bridge.
- He suspended the Writ of Habeas Corpus on August 21, 1971 to restore peace and order after the bombing of the rally of the Liberal Party in Plaza Miranda.
- Implemented Martial Law and suspended the 1935 Constitution (September 21, 1972).
- Proclaimed the 1973 Constitution which prolonged his reign.
- During Martial Law, Bagong Lipunan was born.
- The first Prime Minister of the Parliamentary form of government.
- He signed the end of Martial Law on January 17, 1981 through Proclamation 2045.
- Was re-elected President for a six-year term after Martial Law.
- He called a snap election for president on February 7, 1986 and won over Corazon Aquino due to nationwide cheating and violence.
- Was overthrown by the historic People’s Power on February 25, 1986.
- He fled and was exiled in Hawaii.
- He died in Hawaii on September 28, 1989. His remains were brought back to the Philippines in 1992.